What Are the Consequences of MASH Going Untreated?

In this FAQ Video Module, Corrie Berk, NP, Director of Hepatology and Transplant Outreach Programs at the Texas Liver Institute, discusses the serious consequences of untreated Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) and how Advanced Practice Providers (APPs) can play a crucial role in patient education and early intervention.

MASH is often a silent liver disease, meaning symptoms may not appear until significant damage has occurred. If left untreated, MASH can progress to liver inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even liver failure. Alarmingly, MASH is now the fastest-growing cause of liver cancer and the leading indication for liver transplants in the U.S.. Beyond liver complications, the metabolic dysfunction associated with MASH—including insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidemia—increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, heart attack, and stroke. Additionally, poorly managed MASH can worsen insulin resistance, leading to the development or progression of type 2 diabetes. These life-threatening consequences make early detection and proactive management essential in preventing long-term health complications.

APPs, including nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs), play a vital role in educating patients about MASH and the importance of early intervention. One of the most effective strategies is to simplify complex medical concepts by using layman's terms, visual aids, and relatable analogies to explain MASH, its progression, and how it affects liver health. Avoiding medical jargon ensures that patients fully understand the risks associated with the disease.

Another key approach is to highlight the connection between MASH and metabolic health. Educating patients about the links between MASH, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol helps them understand how managing metabolic syndrome can help prevent or slow MASH progression. It’s also crucial to emphasize the benefits of early intervention, explaining that MASH progression can be prevented through lifestyle changes, medical management, and early detection. Taking action early can help prevent MASH from advancing to cirrhosis, liver failure, or cancer.

Encouraging lifestyle modifications is another essential role for APPs. Providing patients with practical, achievable strategies for improving diet, exercise, and metabolic health can lead to long-term success. Offering referrals to dietitians, structured fitness plans, and nutrition guidelines can support sustainable changes without overwhelming patients.

Finally, staying updated on the latest research, treatment guidelines, and clinical recommendations for MASH allows APPs to provide the most effective and up-to-date patient education. Sharing real-life patient success stories can also be a powerful motivator, demonstrating that early lifestyle modifications and treatment can significantly improve patient outcomes.

By implementing these education and engagement strategies, APPs can enhance patient understanding of MASH, encourage early intervention, and ultimately help reduce the growing burden of MASH-related liver disease and metabolic complications.

For more expert insights on MASH prevention, diagnosis, and management, visit the GHAPP website or download the GHAPP ACE App.